Lesson 56 – الدَّرْسُ السَّادِسُ وَالْخَمْسُونَ

The sound masculine plural -  جَمْعُ المُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ

Declension of the masculine sound plural –إِعْرَاب جَمْع المُذَكَّر السَّالِم

  • We are still in lesson fifty six of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • The Arabic sound masculine plural is a declinable noun, ending with /Wāw/ and /Nūn/ (ون /ūn/) or /Yā’/ and /Nān/ (ين /īn/), depending on its grammatical case. We will learn in this part when to add (Wāw and Nūn), and when to add (/Yā’/ and /Nūn/) to the end of Arabic the sound plural.
  • We studied earlier the declension, and we learnt that each Arabic word has a grammatical position or a grammatical case. According to that grammatical case the declinable word is ended with certain sign (vowel case ending), e.g.:

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدٌ الدَّرْسَ

Muhammad wrote the lesson

  • The word (مُحَمَّدٌ) in this sentence is the subject (الفاعل). The subject used to be nominative, signed with /đammah/ on its ending (last letter).
  • The word ( الدَّرْسَ), is the direct object ( مفعول به), and this type has to be accusative, ended with /fatħah/. And so on.
  • The following table summarizes the grammatical cases and the original signs for the singular noun (this is for revision purposes):

الجَزْم

Jussive

الجَرّ

Genitive

النَّصْب

Accusative

الرَّفْع

nominative

Grammatical case

ـــْ

ـــِ

ـــَ

ـــُ

Sign’s figure

السُّكُون

/Sukūn/

الكَسْرَة

/Kasrah/

الفَتْحَة

/Fatħah/

الضَّمَّة

/Đammah/

Sign’s name

  • These were the signs of the declension of the singular. But the sound masculine plural has different signs, e.g.:

يُحِبُّ الْمُدَرِّبُونَ اللاَّعِبِينَ

Trainers like players

  • You may notice in this sentence that the subject is the word ( الْمُدَرِّبُونَ), it is in the nominative case, but it is not signed with the /đammah/, its grammatical sign is not on the final letter, it is the semifinal (penultimate) letter, so it has the /Wāw/ (و /ū/) as a sign of the nominative case.
  • And also the word (اللاَّعِبِينَ) it is a direct object, which is in the nominative case, but you may notice that it is not ended with /fatħah/, it is signed with the /Yā’/ (the penultimate letter).
  • So we can summarize the declension signs of sound masculine plural as shown in the following table:

الجَرّ

Genitive

النَّصْب

Accusative

الرَّفْع

Nominative

Grammatical case

ين

ين

ون

Sign’s figure

الياء

الياء

الوَاو

Sign’s name

  • From this table above you notice that the sound masculine plural is signed with /Wāw/ in the penultimate letter if it is in the nominative case, and is signed with /Yā’/ if it is in the accusative or genitive case, the following table shows us some examples of this rule:

Grammar

Example

Singular

Sign

Case

English

Arabic

/Wāw/

مَرْفُوع

Nominative

These are teachers

هَؤُلاءِ مُدَرِّسُونَ

/hā’ulā’I mudarrisūna/

 

المُدَرِّسُ

/al mudarrisu/

/Yā’/

مَنْصُوب

Accusative

I respect teachers

أَحْتَرِمُ المُدَرِّسِينَ

/aħtarimu-l- mudarrisīna/

/Yā’/

مَجْرُور

Genitive

These are the clothes of the teachers

هَذِهِ مَلابِسُ المُدَرِّسِينَ

/hādhihī malābisu-l-mudarrisīna/

/Wāw/

مَرْفُوع

Nominative

The trustworthy are beloved by the people

الصَّادِقُونَ يُحِبُّهم النَّاسُ

/aŝ-ŝâdiqūna yuħibbuhum an-nāsu/

 

الصَّادِقُ

/aŝ-ŝâdiqu/

/Yā’/

مَنْصُوب

Accusative

I love trustworthy people

أَنا أُحِبُّ الصَّادِقِينَ

/anā uħibbu aŝ-ŝâdiqīna/

/Yā’/

مَجْرُور

Genitive

This man is of the trustworthy people

هَذَا الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ

/hādhā ar-raĵulu min aŝ-ŝâdiqīna/

/Wāw/

مَرْفُوع

Nominative

The researchers reached a result

وَصَلَ البَاحِثُونَ إلى نَتِيجَةٍ

/waŝala al bāħiθūna ilā natīĵatin/

 

البَاحِثُ

/al bāħithu/

/Yā’/

مَنْصُوب

Accusative

The government gave the researchers a big prize

أَعْطَتْ الحُكُومَةُ البَاحِثِينَ جَائِزَةً كَبِيرَةً

/aξŧat al ħukūmatu al bāħithīna ĵā’izatan kabīratan/

/Yā’/

مَجْرُور

Genitive

The life of the researchers is full of work

حَيَاةُ البَاحِثِينَ كُلُّها عَمَلٌ

/ħayātu al bāħithīna kulluhā ξamalun/

/Wāw/

مَرْفُوع

Nominative

The players are clever

اللاَّعِبُونَ مَاهِرُونَ

/al laa’ibuuna maahiruuna/

 

اللاَّعِبُ

/al lāξibu/

/Yā’/

مَنْصُوب

Accusative

I saw the clever players

شَاهَدْتُ اللاَّعِبِينَ المَاهِرِينَ

/shaahadtu al laa’ibiina al maahiriina/

/Yā’/

مَجْرُور

Genitive

I played with the clever players

لَعِبْتُ مَعَ اللاعِبِينَ المَاهِرِينَ

/laξibtu maξa al lāξibīna al māhirīna/