Lesson 69 – الدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعُ والسِّتُّونَ

The Circumstantial object (Adverbs of Time and Place) - الْمَفْعُولُ فِيهِ

The Circumstantial object –الْمَـفْـعُـول فِيهِ"الظَّرْف"

  • We are still in lesson sixty nine of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • The Arabic Circumstantial Object is originally an accusative noun indicating the time or the place of the action of the verb.
  • We may also use the term “adverb” to indicate the circumstantial object, because “adverb” means in Arabic: الظَّرْف /ađħ đharf/ which literally means vessel or container, and indicates the containing time or place in which the action of the verb occurs.
  • The adverb cannot be a verb or a particle. It can only be a noun, and it is mostly in the accusative case, and it always indicates a time or a place of an action.
  • Consider the following examples:

Picture

Type of Adverb

Example

English

Arabic

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Adverb of time

Adnan went to his work in the morning

ذَهَب عَدْنَانُ إلَى عَمَلِهِ صَباحًا

/dhahaba ξadnānu ilā ξamalihi ŝabāħan/

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Adverb of time

He returned to his home in the evening

رَجَعَ إلى بَيْتِهِ مَسَاءً

/raĵaξa ilā baytihi masā’an/

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Adverb of time

People eat lunch in the afternoon

يَتَناوَلُ النَّاسُ الغَدَاءَ ظُهْرًا

/yatanāwalu an nāsu al ghadā’a đhuhran/

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Adverb of time

The soldiers travelled at night

سافَرَ الجُنُودُ لَيْلاً

/sāfara al ĵunūdu laylan/

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Adverb of place

The student put the bag under the desk

وَضَعَ الطَّالِبُ الحَقِيبَةَ تَحْتَ المَكْتَبِ

/wađaξa aŧ ŧâlibu al ħaqībata taħta al maktabi/

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Adverb of place

Khalid slept on the bed

نَامَ خَالِدٌ فَوْقَ السَّرِيرِ

/nāma khâlidun fawqa as sarīri/