Lesson 22 - اَلدَّرْسُ الثَانِي وَالْعِشْرُونَ

Cases of Diptotes - إِعرَابُ الْمَمْنُوعِ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ

Introduction – مُقَدِّمَةٌ

• This is lesson twenty two of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
• In this lesson, we will learn the cases of the Arabic Diptotes In-Shā’-Allâh (God Willing) i.e.,
   إعْرَابُ الأَسْمَاءِ الْمَمْنُوعَةِ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ:
• Unlike the ordinary nouns, "The Diptotes" do not take the double vowel mark. Similarly, Diptotes do not take the genitive case /Kasrah/.
• In the previous lessons we learnt the situations when a noun is in Genitive Case i.e.:
• When it is /Maĵrūr/ مَجْرُورٌ, i.e., when it is preceded by a preposition (Lesson No. 4 section 3), and
• When it is a possessed (annexed) noun مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ of the Possessive (Annexation) Expression (Lesson No. 5 section 2)
• In these situations the noun takes genitive case i.e., Single /Kasrah/ if it is definite مِنَ الْبَيْتِ and double /Kasrah/ if it is indefinite فِي مَسْجِدٍ.
• However diptotes اَلْمَمْنُوعُ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ are the nouns which take /fatħah/ instead of a /Kasrah/ if in genitive case. We have already learnt in the previous lesson i.e., (Lesson 20 section 4) that Diptotes are those nouns or adjectives which never take /tanwīn/ i.e., Double Vowel Mark. So whenever a diptote noun is preceded by a preposition or is /Muđâf Ilaihi/ it will take a /fatħah/ instead of a /Kasrah/ so if we say for example Ahmad's book i.e., كِتَابُ أَحْمَدَ
• Previously we have learned only one situation when a noun takes the accusative case (Lesson 15 section 6) and that is:
• When the noun is object of a verbal sentence مَفْعُولٌ i.e., أَكَلَ خَالِدٌ تُفَّاحًا
• However, since the diptote does not take /tanwīn/, if it is used as the object of a verbal sentence it will take a single /fatħah/ instead of double vowels e.g., زَارَ طَاهِرٌ مَسَاجِدَ كَثِيرَةً  
• We will learn these rules in more detail in the next sections In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing)