Lesson 63 – الدَّرْسُ الثّالِثُ والسِّتُّونَ

Transitive verbs over two objects/đhanna/ and its sisters - الأفعال التي تَنْصِب مَفْعُولَيْنِ "ظَــنَّ، وَأَخَوَاتُـها"

Verbs of Affectivity: Verbs of Certainty – (أَفْعال الْقُلوب: أَفْعَالُ اليَقِينِ" عَلِمَ، رَأَى، وَجَدَ، أَلْفَى، دَرَى" )

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• We now clearly understand that /đhanna/ and its sisters are used with an Arabic nominal sentence, turning it into a verbal sentence (the subject of the nominal sentence becomes the first object and the predicate becomes the second object).
• These verbs fall into two categories: (1) Verbs of Affectivity أفْعال القُلُوب /afξāl al-qulūb/ and (2) Verbs of Transformation أفعال التَّحْوِيلِ وَالصَّيْرُورةِ /afξāl al-taħwīl or ŝayrūrah/ (which mean change or transformation from a state to another).
• The first category (Verbs of Affectivity أفْعال القُلُوب) is divided into two types: (a) Verbs of Certainty أَفْعَالُ اليَقِينِ /afξāl al-yaqīn/ and (b) Verbs of Supposition or Assumption أفْعَال الظّن أو الشَّك /afξāl ađh-đhann or ash-shakk/.
  1- Verbs of Affectivity أفْعال القُلُوب
  2- Verbs of Certainty أَفْعَالُ اليَقِينِ
  These verbs indicate certainty, including the following verbs:

• Note: these five verbs denote almost the same meaning, i.e. certainty and assurance, which means that the speaker is certain about what he/she says.