Lesson 58 – الدَّرْسُ الثَّامِنُ وَالْخَمْسُونَ
The nominal sentence - الجُمْلَةُ الاِسْمِيَّةُ
Introduction - مُقَدِّمَةٌ
- This is lesson fifty eight of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
- In this lesson we will learn the second type of the Arabic sentence: the nominal sentence/In-Shā’-Allâh/ (God willing). We have already learnt the Arabic verbal sentence structure in earlier lessons. The Arabic nominal sentence consists of two parts; the subject and the predicate, and it is mostly started with a noun which is the subject. See the following examples (please read from right to left):
Picture | English meaning | Arabic sentence |
| The student is hard working | /aŧ ŧâlibu muĵtahidun/ |
| The horse is fast | /al ħiŝânu sarīξun/ |
- We will also learn the different forms of the subject ( المبتدأ /al mubtada’/) which is an essential part of the nominal sentence. The /mubtada’/ is the first part of a nominal sentence. In the following table there are some examples of the different forms of the subject (المبتدأ /al mubtada’/):
the type of the subject | The subject | English meaning | Arabic example |
Demonstrative | /hādhā/ | This is a house. | /hādhā baytun/ |
Pronoun | /anta/ | You are generous | /anta karīm/ |
Noun | /aŧ ŧâlibu/ | The student is hard working | /aŧ ŧâlibu muĵtahidun |
- We will also learn the different types of the predicate (الْخَبَر /al khabar/) which is the second part of the nominal sentence. See the following examples of the different types of the predicate:
the type of The predicate | The predicate | English meaning | Arabic example |
Isolated (single) | /bāridun/ | The weather is cold | /al ĵawwu bāridun/ |
Quasi-sentence (a phrase) i.e. preposition + noun
| /ξala al maktabi/ | The book is on the desk | /al kitābu ξala al maktabi/ |
Verbal sentence | /ħađara/ | Ahmed has come | /Aħmadu ħađara/ |
Nominal sentence | /baytuhu ĵamīlun/
| Ahmed, his house is beautiful | /Aħmadu, baytuhu ĵamīlun/ |
- We will learn the original structure of the nominal sentence, in which the subject comes first, then the predicate. The situations in which the structure is re-arranged, i.e. the predicate comes in the beginning of the nominal sentence, is supposed to be learnt in another lesson In-Shaa'-Allaah.
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