Lesson 69 – الدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعُ والسِّتُّونَ
The Circumstantial object (Adverbs of Time and Place) - الْمَفْعُولُ فِيهِ
Adverb of Time – ظَرْف الزَّمان
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- The Arabic adverb of time is that which indicates the time of an action, as in the following example:
| Picture | Example | |
| English | Arabic | |
|
| The teacher came at seven o’clock | حَضَرَ الأُسْتاذُ السَّاعةَ السَّابِعَةَ /ħađara al ustādhu as sāξata as sābiξata/ |
- In the above mentioned example, the words (السَّاعةَ السَّابِعَةَ) indicate the time in which the teacher came.
- The adverb of time can be a noun which refers to definite time as follows:
| Adverb of time | |||
| Meaning | One minute | An hour | A day |
| Adverb of time | |||
| Meaning | A week | One month | A year |
- Consider the following examples:
| Picture | Example | |
| English | Arabic | |
|
| I stayed one minute at the window | وَقَفْتُ دَقِيقَةً في النَّافِذَة /waqaftu daqīqatan fī an nāfithati/ |
|
| I read the book for an hour | /qara’tu al kitāba sāξatan |
|
| I stayed one day with my brother | /aqamtu maξa akhī yawman/ |
|
| I studied the Quran for one week | /darastu al qur’āna usbūξan/ |
|
| I will spend a month in the city | سَأَسْكُنُ فِي المَدِينَةِ شَهْرًا Sa’askunu fī al madīnati shahran/ |
- Some adverbs consist of two words as follows:
| Adverb | Example | |
| English | Arabic | |
| I will have lunch in the after noon | سَأَتَنَاوَلُ الغَدَاءَ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ /sa’atanāwalu al ghadā’a baξda ađh đhuhri/ | |
| The friends will arrive on Thursday | سَيَحْضُرُ الأَصْدِقاءُ يَوْمَ الخَمِيسِ /sayaħđuru al aŝdiqâ’I yawma al khamīsi/ | |
| Khalid slept two hours ago | /nāma khâlidun qabla sāξatayni/ | |
| I slept all the time | /nimtu kulla al waqti/ | |
| I travelled for some days | /sāfartu ξiddata ayyāmin/ | |
- In the above mentioned examples we notice that the adverb of time can consist of two words in annexation structure إضَافة /iđâfah/, as follows:
| Adverb of time | |||||
| Meaning | Afternoon | On Thursday | Two hours ago | All the time | Some days |
| Annexing noun | |||||
| Annexed noun |