Lesson 54 – الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ وَالْخَمْسُونَ
Sound Feminine Plural - جَمْعُ المُؤَنَّث السَّالِم
Declensions of the sound feminine plural – إِعْرابُ جَمْعِ المُؤَنَّثِ السَّالِمِ
- We are still in lesson fifty four of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
- As we learnt, the Arabic verbal sentence is made up of: Verb + subject/doer + object Example: "أَصْلَح المُهَنْدِسُ السَّيَّارَةَ" /aŝlaħa al-muhandisu as-sayyāra-ta/ Translation: The engineer repaired the car.
- We learnt that the doer of the verbal sentence is in the nominative (raf`) case as in the word (المُهَنْدِسُ); and the object is in the accusative (nasb) case as in the word (السَّيَّارَةَ) on the condition that the doer and object be singular nouns.
- Now we will study the cases of iξrâb when the word is a sound feminine plural, not a singular noun. Study the following examples and note the various vowel signs on the (ت) in the sound plural nouns:
| Translation | Example | Case of iξrâb |
| The righteous women are devoutly obedient | "فالصَّالِحاتُ قَانِتاتٌ حَافِظاتٌ لِلْغَيْب " /faŝ - ŝâliħātu qânitātun ħāfiđhâtun lil-ghaybi/ | Case of raf` (nominative) Doer |
| The female students and teachers attended the meeting. | حضرتِ الطَّالِباتُ وَالمُدَرِّسَاتُ الاجْتِماعَ /ħađarat iŧ-ŧâlibātu wal-mudarrisātu al-iĵtimāξa/ | |
| The female doctor gave the nurses precious pieces of advice. | نَصَحَتِ الطَّبِيبَةُ المُمَرِّضاتِ نَصائِحَ غَالِيَةً . /naŝaħat iŧ - ŧabībatu al-mumarriđâti naŝâ’iħa ghâliyatan/ | Case of naŝb (accusative) Object |
| The state granted the winning female players big rewards. | منحتِ الدَّوْلَةُ اللاعباتِ الفائِزَاتِ مُكافَآتٍ كَبِيرَةً /manaħat id-dawlatu al-lāξibāti al-fā’izāti mukāfa’ātin kabīratin/ | |
| There is no objection to work for foreign companies. | لا مانِعَ مِن العَمَلِ فِي الشَّرِكاتِ الأَجْنَبِيَّةِ /la māniξa min al-ξamali fī ash-sharikāti al-aĵnabiyyati/ | Case of ĵarr (genitive) Annexed noun/possession |
| I do not like moving from one hospital to another. | لا أُحِبُّ الانْتِقالَ بَيْنَ المُسْتَشْفَياتِ . /la uħibbu al-intiqâla bayna al-mustashfayāti/ |
- When we study the examples above, we notice the following:
1- The nominative case: The sound feminine plural takes the đammah case-ending in the nominative case; and the Kasrah in both the accusative and genitive cases. But it never takes fatħah.
2- The sound feminine plural, as the case with the feminine singular words, takes the đammah case-ending in the nominative case, such as: " الصًّالِحاتُ ، قَانِتاتٌ ، حَافِظاتٌ ، الطَّالِباتُ ، وَالمُدَرِّسَاتُ "
3- The sound feminine plural, as the case with the feminine singular words, takes the Kasrah, not the fatħah, case-ending in the accusative case, such as " المُمَرِّضاتِ ، اللاعباتِ ، الفائِزَاتِ ، مُكافَآتٍ" - All these words are in the accusative case because they are objects. This case is peculiar to the sound feminine plural.
- The sound feminine plural, as the case with the feminine singular words, take the Kasrah case-ending in the genitive case, such as " فِي الشَّرِكاتِ ، بَيْنَ المُسْتَشْفَياتِ "