Lesson 50– الدَّرْسُ الْخَمْسُونَ
Verbal Nouns - أَسْمَاءُ الأَفْعَال
Types of Verbal Nouns - أَنْواع اِسم الفعل
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- We learnt in the previous parts of this lesson that the Arabic verbal noun is an indeclinable noun that does the function of the verb in the sentence, but the rules of the verb do not apply to it.
- The verbal noun shares some similar features with the verb and the noun. Regarding its similarities with the noun, it is a noun and its form never changes with different verbs and objects. Regarding similarities with the verb, it indicates past, present and imperative, as it is divided into three types as follows:
| Translation | Example | Verbal noun | Type |
| There is a great difference between poverty and richness. | /shattāna al-faqru wal-ghinā/ | /shattāna/ = there is difference (between) | Noun of past verb |
| How impossible that you become a doctor. | هَيْهَات أَنْ تُصْبِحَ طَبِيبا. /hayhāta an tuŝbiħa ŧabīban/ | /hayhāta/ = How far, impossible | |
| He studied Arabic in a short time. | سَرْعَان ما دَرَسَ العَرَبِيَّةَ، وسَرْعَانَ مَا فَهِمَهَا. /sarξāna mā darasa al-arabiyyata wa sarξāna mā fahimahā/
| /sarξāna/= in a short time | |
| I suffer stomach pains and headache | آهِ مِنْ آلام البَطْنِ والرَّأْسِ. /āhi min ālāmi al-baŧni war-ra’si/ | آه = أَتَوَجَّعُ = أَتَأَلَّمُ /āh/ = feel pain, suffer | Noun of present verb |
| Ugh! I became fed up with you, Layla, and what you say. | أُفٍّ لَكِ يا لَيْلَى، وَلِما تَقُولِين. /uffin laki yā layla wa limā taqulīna/ | /uffin/= ugh, become fed up | |
| I am surprised at the sky, its beauty and expansion! | وَي لِلسَّمَاءِ، وَجَمَالِها، واتِّسَاعِها! /way lis-samā’i wa ĵamāliha wa ittisāξiha/ | /way/ =oh, surprised, astonished | |
| I admire your mercy on kids and respect of old people. | بَخٍ رَحْمَتكَ لِلصِّغارِ، وَاحْتِرَامكَ لِلْكِبارِ. /bakhin raħmatuka liŝ-ŝighāri wa iħtirâmika lil-kibāri/ | /bakhin/ = bravo, like, admire | |
| Don’t ask your friend to hush, while you speak. | لا تَقُل لِصَدِيقِكَ صَهْ، وَتَتَكَلَّم أَنْتَ. /la taqul li-ŝadīqika ŝah wa tatakallam anta/ | /ŝah/ = hush, be quiet | Noun of imperative verb |
| Stop starting malicious rumors. | مَهْ عَنْ إِطْلاقِ الشَّائِعاتِ الخَبيثةِ. /mah ξan iŧlāqi ash-shā’iξāti al-khabīthati/ | /mah/ = Stop talking | |
| Come to the prayers | /ħayy ξalā aŝ-ŝalāh/ | /ħayy/= come | |
| O Allah, put mercy on me and allow me to enter Paradise, Amin | يا الله، اِرْحَمْنِي وَأدْخِلْنِي الجَنَّة، آمِين. /ya Allâh irħamnī wa adkhilnī al-ĵannata āmīn/ | /āmīn/= amin | |
| Here you are some information about Cairo city. | إلَيْكَ بَعْضُ المَعْلُوماتِ عَن مَدِينَةِ القَاهِرةِ. /ilayka baξđa al-maξlūmāti ξan madīnati al-qâhira-ti/
| /ilayka/= here you are, take | |
| Stay away from me, and do not talk to me again. | إِلَيْكَ عَنِّي، ولا تُكَلِّمْنِي مَرَّةً أُخْرَى. /ilayka anni wa la tukallimni marratan ukhra/ | إلَيْكَ عَنِّي = اِبْتَعِد عَنِّي /ilayka ξanni/= stay away | |
| O you who believe! Take care of your own selves. If you follow the right guidance, no hurt can come you from those who are in error | "يا أَيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُم أَنْفُسَكُم لا يَضُرُّكُم مَنْ ضّلَّ إذا اِهْتَدَيْتُم" /ya ayyuhā al-ladhīna āmanū ξalaykum anfusakum la yađurrukum man đalla idhā ihtadaytum/ | /ξalayka/ = adhere to, take care of | |
| O students, come quickly to your schools to seek knowledge | أَيُّها الطُّلابُ هَلُمُّوا إلَى مَدَارِسِكُم لِطَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ. /ayyuha aŧ-ŧullābu halummu ilā madārisikum li-ŧalabi al-ξilmi/ | /halumma/= come quickly | |
| Give sentences as in the example. | هَاتِ جُمَلًا كَمَا فِي المِثالِ. /hāti ĵumalan kamā fī al-mithāli/ | /hāti/= give (me) | |
| Give up all what wastes your time. | دَعْ كُلَّ ما يُضَيِّعُ وَقْتَكَ. /daξ kulla ma yuđayyiξu waqtaka/ | /daξ/= give up |