Lesson 34 – الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ وَالثَّلاثُونَ

Active and Passive Voice –الفِعْلُ المَبْنِي لِلْمَعْلُومِ وَالفِعْلُ المَبْنِي لِلْمَجْهُولِ

Passive form of past verb tense

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• Now after we have known what active and passive voice mean, we will study how to change the Arabic past tense verb from the active into passive voice. The main difference between the active and passive voice is that the doer is known in the former while it is unknown in the latter.
• In order to change the past tense verb from the active into passive voice, we have to do two things as follows:

1-Change the vowel of the first radical into đammah.

2-Change the vowel of the pre-final radical intro kasrah.

• Study the following example and notice the changes in the first radical and the pre-final radical.

• If we look at these verbs, we find that the past tense verb may be composed of three radicals such as (كَتَبَ ، أَكَلَ ، شَرِبَ) or four radicals such as (أَدْخَلَ ، قَدَّمَ ، خَاصَمَ) or five radicals such as (اِسْتَخْرَجَ ، اِسْتَقْبَلَ). The same technique is used to change all these verbs from the active to the passive voice through changing the vowel of the first radical into đammah and the vowel of the pre-final radical into kasrah. For example, the verb (kataba كَتَبَ) becomes (kutiba كُتِبَ ) and the verb (adkhala أَدْخَلَ) becomes (‘udkhila أُدْخِلَ).