Lesson 10 -الدَّرْسُ الْعَاشِرُ
Prepositions - حُرُوفُ الْجَرِّ
- Let's Continue to learn Arabic through our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course contain Arabic grammar, Arabic syntax, Arabic morphology and more.
- In this lesson we will learn three new Arabic prepositions. We have learned that Arabic prepositions are the words used to connect two or more words or sentences (Lesson No.4 section 3) and (Lesson No.6 section 6). These Arabic prepositions are:
- The preposition عَنْ means “about” or “from” e.g. يَتَحَدَّثُ عَنْ means (to talk about), and بَعِيدٌ عَنْ means (far from)
- The preposition مَعَ means “with”, e.g. الْكِتَابُ مَعَ الطَّالِبِ means “the book is with the student”.
- The letter بِـ means “at” or “in” e.g., if we say هُوَ بِالْجَامِعَةِ it means "He is at the university" or هِيَ بِالْمَطْبَخِ it means “she is in the kitchen.”
English | Transliteration | Arabic |
My house is far from the mosque | Baitī baξīdun ξan al masjidi | |
Ahmad is sitting with Khalid | Ahmadu jalisun ma'a Khalidin | |
With me is a friend | Ma'ee sadeequn | |
Khalid is talking about himself | khâlidun yataħaddathu ξan nafsihi | |
My friend in Egypt - his name is Ahmed | Ŝadīqī bimiŝra ismuhu aħmadu |
- It must be remembered that "مَعَ" meaning 'to have' should only be used with the things that are separable, e.g. مَعَنَا كِتَابٌ means “we have a book”. It should not be used with relations and parts of the body. So if we want to say 'He has a nose', we should say لَهُ أَنْفٌ instead of مَعَهُ أَنْفٌ or لَهَا أُخْتٌ meaning she has a sister, instead of مَعَهَا أُخْتٌ. The preposition مَعَ takes a fatħah on its ending when used with all the pronouns except ي meaning "with me". When used with ي, it takes a kasrah instead of the fatħah so it will become مَعِي so we say مَعِي كِتَابٌ and not مَعَي كِتابٌ
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