Lesson 51 – الدَّرْسُ الْواحِدُ وَالْخَمْسُونَ

The Mamdūd Noun  الاسـم الممـدود

The Hamza of the Mamdūd Noun – همزة الاسم الممدود

  • We are still in lesson fifty one of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • As we learnt above, the Mamdūd Noun is a singular noun ending with a hamza (ء) preceded by a long alif.
  • The dual and plural forms as well as the declension of the Mamdūd Noun depend on the type of its hamza, which may be one of three types as follows:
    1- Radical hamza
    هَمْزَةٌ أصْليّةٌ /hamzatun aŝliyyatun/
  • In this case the radical hamza is one of the radicals of the word, for example:

Picture

Translation

Example

Radicals of the word

Mamdūd Noun

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Reciters of poetry are eloquent.

 قَرَّاءُ الشِّعْرِ طَلِيقُ اللِّسان.

قَرَأَ

/qara'a/

قَرَّاء

/qarrâ'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

My neighbor was the most one to fend off evil.

كانَ جَارِي دَرَّاءً للمَفَاسِدِ.

دَرَأ

/dara'a/

دَرَّاء

/darrâ'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Al-Barra'u ibn ξāzibin was one of Muhammad's (peace be upon him) companions.

البَرَّاءُ بن عازِبٍ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ صَحَابَةِ مُحَمَّد - صَلى الله عليه وسلم -

بَرِئَ

/bari'a/

بَرَّاء

/barrā'/

  • Reviewing the above examples, we notice that the hamza is a letter of the radicals of the word and cannot be omitted from the word therefore this type of hamza is أصْليّةٌ or radical.
    2- Converted hamza همزةٌ مُنقلبةٌ /hamzatun munqalibatun/
  • This type of hamza is not one of the radicals of the word, but it is converted from either a wāw و or yā' ي, which means that the radical of the hamza is one of the two letters wāw و or yā' ي. We can know whether the hamza is radical or converted through the present verb of the word from which the Mamdūd noun is derived.

Picture

Translation

Example

Radicals of the word

Mamdūd Noun

Present

Past

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

The sky today is clear.

السَّماءُ اليَوْمَ صَافِيَةٌ.

يَسْمُو

/yasmū/

سما 

/samā/

سماء

/smā'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Don't be sad, trial will be good at the end.

لا تَحْزَن فالابتلاءُ نهايتُهُ جَيِّدَةٌ.

يَبْتَلِي

/yabtalī/

اِبْتَلَى

/ibtalā/

اِبْتِلاء

/ibtilā'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Smoking is harmful to heath and pollutes air

التَّدْخِينُ يَضُرُّ بالصِّحَّةِ، وَيُلَوِّثُ الهَوَاءَ.

يَهْوِي

/yahwī/

هَوَى

/hawā/

هَواء

/hawā'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

My teacher's name is ξalā'.

اِسْمُ أُسْتَاذِي عَلاء.

يَعْلُو

/yaξlū/

عَلَى

/ξalā/  

عَلاء

/ ξalā'/

Picture

Translation

Example

Radicals of the word

Mamdūd Noun

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Greenland is the source of good and clean air.

الأَرْضُ الخَضْرَاء هِي مَصْدَرُ الخَيْرِ والهَوَاءِ النَّقِيِّ.

خَضَر

/khađar/

خَضْرَاء

/khađrâ'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

My brother prefers red clothes.

يُفَضِّلُ أَخِي المَلابِسَ الحَمْرَاءَ.

حَمَر

/ħamar/

حَمْرَاء

/ħamrâ'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Black eyes resist sunrays more than blue eyes can.

العُيُونُ السَّوْدَاء تَتَحَمَّلُ الشَّمْسَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ العُيُون الزَّرْقَاء.

سَوَد

/sawad/

سَوْدَاء

/sawdā'/

 

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

زَرَق

/zaraq/

زَرْقَاء

/zarqâ'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Beautiful girls attract young men.

البِنْتُ الحسناءُ تُعْجِبُ الشَّبابَ.

حَسَن

/ħasan/

حَسْنَاء

/ħasnā'/

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

Hayfā' means a tall girl.

الهَيْفاءُ هِي البِنْتُ الطَّوِيلَة.

هَيَف

/hayaf/

هَيْفَاء

/hayfā'/

  • As you see in the above examples, the hamza is neither a radical of the words nor converted from any other letter, but it is augmented to turn a masculine word to feminine. For example, the radicals of the words خَضْراء /khađrâ'/ (green) and حَسْنَاء /ħasnā'/ (beautiful) are خَضَر /khađar/ and حَسَن /ħasan/.