Lesson 44 – الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِع وَالأرْبَعُونَ
Pronouns (1 of 5) – الضَّمَائرُ (١ من ٥)
The detached pronouns الضَّمير المُنْفَصِل
The nominative detached pronoun - ضَّمير الرَّفْع المُنفَصِل
- We are still in lesson forty four of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
- We mentioned earlier that all Arabic pronouns are always indeclinable and definite nouns. They are used to replace preceding nouns by the aim of brevity. They represent the speaker, the spoken to, and the absent, and they can be prominent and latent pronouns. The first type is divided into two categories: detached and attached pronouns. In this lesson we are studying the detached pronouns, which are to be written separately from the other words. These Arabic detached pronouns are divided in two types; the detached pronouns in place of nominative noun, and the detached pronouns in place of accusative nouns.
- In this part we will learn, the nominative detached pronouns (ضَّمير الرَّفْع المُنفَصِل / đamīr ar-rafξ al munfaŝil) In-Shā'-Allâh (God willing). This type of pronouns occupies the position of the subject in nominal sentence, so they are in place of nominative, but please take care that we say “in place of” nominative noun, and we don’t say that they are in the nominative case; because – as we learnt earlier – the pronouns are indeclinable words. Only declinable words can be in nominative, accusative, or genitive cases.
- We can see the full division of these pronouns in the following table:
| Singularمُفْرَدٌ | Dualمُثَنَّى | Plural جَمْعٌ | |||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
3rd. person غَائِبٌ | He - it | She – it | They | They | They | |
2nd. Person | You | You | You | You | You | |
1st. person | I | We | ||||
- The above mentioned table shows us the forms of these pronouns and the following one will show us the usage of these pronouns:
| Singularمُفْرَدٌ | Dualمُثَنَّى | Plural جَمْعٌ | |||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
3rd. person غَائِبٌ | This is my father. He is a teacher. | This is my mother. She is a doctor. | هُما يَذْهَبانِ إلى المَسْجِدِ. They go to the mosque. | They are cleaning the house. | هُم يُشَاهِدُونَ المُبَاراة فِي التِّلْفاز. They are watching the game on TV. | هُنَّ يَدْرُسْنَ فِي الْجَامِعَة. They study in the university. |
2nd. Personمُخَاطَبٌ | Are you a professor? | Are you Zaynab? | You both are good players. | أَنْتُما طِفْلَتَانِ جَمِيلَتانِ. You are beautiful children. | Are you friends? | أَنْتُنَّ فَتَياتٌ طَيِّبَاتٌ. You are kind girls. |
1st. person مُتَكَلِّمٌ | I am Omani doctor. | أنا مُمَرِّضَةٌ بَاكِسْتَانِيَّة. I am Pakistani nurse. | We are old parents. | نَحْنُ عُمَّالٌ فِي هذا المَصْنَعِ. We are workers in this factory |