Lesson 93 – الدَّرْسُ الثَّالِثُ وَالتِّسْعُونَ
Patterns and Meanings of Augmented Verbs - أَوْزانُ الأفْعالِ الْمَزيدَةِ وَمعانِيها
Pattern of the triple verb augmented with three letters (IstafƐala) - صِيغَةُ الثُّلاثِيِّ الْمَزيدِ بِثَلاثَةِ أَحْرُفٍ (اِسْـتَـفْـعَـلَ)
- There are more than one pattern of the triple verb augmented with three letters, but the most famous and frequently used one is the pattern IstafƐala اِسْـتَـفْـعَـلَ. It’s augmented with three letters that come in the beginning (ist اسْت).
- There are two meanings of this pattern:
1- The request: When a verb is augmented with (ist اسْت), it may mean that the doer of the verb is requiring the action of the original verb, e.g. اِسْتَخْرَجَ means extract or require the exit (as خرج means to exit or to get out). Consider the following examples:
Example | Original verb | ||
Arabic | English | Arabic | English |
The tourists enjoyed their times. | Joy | ||
The children asking mercy from the soldiers. | Mercy | ||
The travellers asking about the flight time. | Know | ||
The boy consulted his father. | Advise |
2- The consequence or the transformation: Consider the following examples:
Example | Explanation | |
Arabic | English | |
The cat acted like a lion. | The cat was transformed to a lion. | |
The boy acted like a man. | The boy was transformed to a man. | |
The soldiers became courageous in the battle. | The soldiers were transformed to monsters. |