Lesson 26 – الدرس السَّادِسُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ
Composite Number (B) المركب العددي
Hundreds and thousands – المئات والألوف
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· The last lesson in the composite number is the numbers of hundreds and thousands, as follows:
500
khamsumi‘ah
400
arbaξumi’ah
300
thalāthmi’ah
200
mi’atān
100
mi’ah
1000
alf
900
tisξumi’ah
800
thamānimi’ah
700
sabξumi’ah
600
sittumi’ah
5000
khamsatu alāf
4000
arbaξatu alāf
3000
thalāthatu alāf
2000
alfān
9000
tisξatu alāf
8000
thamānitu alāf
7000
sabξatu alāf
6000
sittatu alāf
- These numbers are declinable on the short vowels of declension based on their case – e.g.:
- Short fatħah a in accusative case
- short kasrah i in genitive case
- short đammah u in nominative case
Sign of declension
Sentence and numbers
Ending in short đammah (u)
Ĵā’a mi’atu raĵulin
One hundred men came.
Ending in short fatћah (a)
Ra’aytu mi’ata raĵulin
I saw one hundred men.
Ending in short kasrah (i)
Dhahabtu maξa mi’ati raĵulin
I went out with one hundred men.
- The short vowels (đammah, fatћah and kasrah) appear on the first part of the composite numbers from 300 (thalāthumi’ah) to 900 (tisξumi’ah), such as (ثَلاثُ) "thalāth" (three), (أَرْبَعُ) "arbaξ" (four), (خَمْس) "khams" (five), (تِسْع) "tisξ" (nine), etc, and the second part (مئة) "mi’ah" (hundred) always ends with the short vowel kasrah "i", for example:
Sign of declension
Sentence and numbers
Ending in short kasrah (i)
اِسْتمَرَّ الإسلامُ في الأنْدَلُسِ أَكْثَرَ من ثَمَانِمِئةِ عَامٍ
Istamarra al-Islam fi al-andalus akthara min thamāni-mi’ati ξāmin
Islam continued in Andalusia more than eight hundred years.
Ending in short fatћah (a)
قَرَأْتُ اليَوْمَ أَرْبَعَمئةَ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ
Qara’tu al-yawma arbaξa-mi’ati baytin min ash-shiξr
I read four hundred lines of verse today.
Ending in short đammah (u)
هَاجَرَ ثَلاثُمئةُ رَجُلٍ إلى أمريكا
Haĵara thalāthu-mi’ati raĵulun ila amriica
Three hundred men emigrated to America.
- Numbers 1000 "alf", 2000 "alfān", 3000 "thalāthatu alāf", etc., have the same rules of tens numbers 100, 200, 300, etc. For example:
Sign of declension
Sentence and numbers
Ending in short đammah (u)
Ĵā’a alfu raĵulin
One thousand men came.
Ending in short fatћah (a)
Ra’aytu alfa raĵulin
I saw one thousand men.
Ending in short kasrah (i)
Dhahabtu maξa alfi raĵulin
I went out with one thousand men.
Ending in short đammah (u)
هَاجَرَ ثَلاثَةُ آلافِ رَجُلٍ إلى أمريكا
Haĵara thalāthatu alāfi raĵulun ila amriica
Three thousand men emigrated to America.
Ending in short fatћah (a)
قَرَأْتُ اليَوْمَ ثَلاثَةَ آلافِ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ
Qara’tu al-yawma thalāthata alāfi baytin min ash-shiξr
I read three thousand lines of verse today.
Ending in short kasrah (i)
رَاتِبي أكْثرُ مِنْ ثَلاثَةِ آلافِ جُنَيْهٍ
Rātibi aktharu min thalāthati alāfi ĵunayhin
My salary is over three thousand pounds.
- Note: the numbered noun after numbers of hundreds and thousands is always singular and maĵrūr (مجرور) (ending with the short kasrah “i”).