Lesson 26 – الدرس السَّادِسُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ

Composite Number (B) المركب العددي

Introduction – مُقَدِّمَةٌ

  • This is lesson twenty six of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • We learnt in lesson 19 and lesson 20 the Arabic numbers from 1 to ten as applied for masculine and feminine numbered nouns.
  • In this lesson we will learn the numbers from 11 to 19 In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).  The topics that will be covered include:
    • The numbers (أحَدَ عَشَر) "aћada ξashar" (eleven) and (اِثْنا عشر) "ithnā ξashar" (twelve) in a special section, and the special rules relating to these numbers.
    • After that we will cover the numbers from (ثلاثة عشر) "thalāthata ξashar" (thirteen) to (تِسْعَةَ عَشَر) "tisξata ξashar" (nineteen).
    • We will answer some questions relating to the numbers, such as:      
      • What are the situations in which a number will be masculine or feminine?  
      • Are numbers declinable or indeclinable?
      • The ending of the numbered noun الاسْم المَعْدود (the name comes after a number)
  • Below we will cover some examples.  Read the examples carefully and then study the rules that follow in future sections:

Number

With masculine

With feminine

١١

جاء أحدَ عَشَرَ أُسْتاذاً

"Ĵā'a aћada ξashar ustādhan"

Eleven professors came

جاءت إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ أُسْتاذةً

"Ĵā'at iћdā ξashrata ustādhatan"

Eleven lady professors came

١٢

ذهب اثْنَا عَشَرَ مُهَنْدِسًا

"Dhahaba ithnā ξashar muhandisan"

Twelve engineers went out

ذَهَبَت اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ مُهَنْدِسَةً

"Dhahabat ithnatā ξashrat muhandisatan"

Twelve lady engineers went out

رَأَيْتُ اِثْنَي عَشَر مُهَنْدِسًا

"ra'aytu ithnai ξashara muhandisan"

I saw twelve engineers

رأيت اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ مُهَنْدِسَةً

"ra’aytu ithnatai ξashrata muhandisatan"

I saw twelve lady engineers

١٣

في الفَصْلِ ثلاثةَ عَشَرَ طالِبًا

"fil-faŝli thalāthata ξshara ŧâliban"

Thirteen students are in the class

حَضَرَتْ ثَلاثَ عَشْرَةَ مُدَرِّسَة

" ħađarat thalātha ξashrata mudarrisatan"

Thirteen lady teachers attended

١٤

قَرَأْتُ أرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ كِتَابًا

" qara’tu arbaξata ξashara kitāban"

I read fourteen books

قَرَأتُ أرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ قِصَّةً

"qara’tu arbaξa ξashrata qiŝŝatan"

I read fourteen stories

١٥

رَجَعْتُ بَعْدَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا

"raĵaξtu baξda khamsata ξashara yawman"

I came back after fifteen days

نِمْتُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَاعَةً

"nimtu khamsa ξashrata sāξatan"

I slept for fifteen hours

١٦

ذَبَحْتُ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ دِيكًا

"dhabaћtu sitta ξashara dīkan"

I slaughtered sixteen roosters

ذَبَحْتُ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ دَجَاجَةً

"dhabaћtu sitta ξashrata daĵaĵatan"

I slaughtered sixteen hens

١٧

دَعَوْتُ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ دُعَاءً

"daξawtu sabξata ξashara duξā‘an"

I invoked seventeen supplications

صَلَّيْتُ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً

"ŝallaitu sabξa ξashrata rakξatan"

I prayed seventeen Rak'ahs

١٨

مُحَمَّدٌ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ صَدِيقًا

"muħammadun ξindahu thamāniyata ξashara ŝadīqan"

Muhammad has eighteen friends

فاطِمَةُ عِنْدَها ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ صَدِيقَةً

"Fatimatu ξindahā thamāni ξashrata ŝadīqatan"

Fatimah has eighteen friends

١٩

هَذا الطِّفْلُ عُمْرُه تِسْعَة َ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا

"hādhā aŧ-ŧiflu ξumruhū tisξata ξashara yawman"

This child is nineteen days old

هذا الوَلَدُ عُمْرُهُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً

"hādhā al-waladu ξumruhū tisξa ξashrata sanatan"

This boy is nineteen years old

    • We will also learn the numbers from 20 to 99, which include two parts: (1) decade numbers (i.e. 20, 30,…90) and (2) the other numbers:-

رَأيْتُ عِشْرِينَ بَلَدًا

جاءَ ثَلاثون رَجُلا

"ra'aytu ξishriin baladan"

I saw twenty countries

"ĵā'a thalathūn raĵulan"

Thirty men came

  • The composite number may include two numbers connected with the (و) (and):-

رَأْيت اِثْنَينِ وعِشْرِينَ بَلَدًا

جاء واحِدٌ وثَلاثُونَ رجلا

"ra'aytu ithnai[n] wa ξishrīn baladan"

I saw twenty-two countries

"ĵā'a wāћidun wa thalāthūn raĵulan"

Thirty-one men came