Lesson 91 – الدَّرْسُ الحَادِي وَالتِّسْعُونَ

The Morphologic Measurement - الْمِيزانُ الصَّرْفِيُّ

Introduction - مُقَدِّمَةٌ

  • This is lesson ninty one of our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • Arabic grammarians agreed on choosing the three letters (ف ع ل Fa – Ɛa La) to identify, study, or weigh the structure of Arabic words. They called this way the morphological measure الْمِيزان الصرفي.
  • The reason why they chose these three letters particularly is that the verb (فعل), compound of those three letters meaning to do or to act. The verb generally refers to an action and all the derivatives, either nouns or verbs, are related to that action.
  • Therefore, the Morphological pattern (فعل FaƐala) is primarily free of augmented letters. E.g. if we use it to weigh the word (مكتوب Maktoob), meaning written, we say (MafƐūl). This will show the augmented letters (the initial Meem and the medial long vowel ū), etc.
  • In this lesson, we will learn the rules and features of the morphological measurement, i.e. we will learn how to use it with the following words:

1-            The three letters root verb (either abstract or augmented). 

Arabic verb

English meaning

Stem

Pattern

Augmented letters

دَرَسَ

He studied

دَرَسَ

فَـعَـلَ FaƐal

 

شَرِبَ

He drank

شَرِبَ

فَـعِـلَ FaƐil

 

سُرِقَ

He has been stolen

سَرَقَ

فُـعِـلَ FuƐil

 

أَحْضَرَ

He brought

حَضَرَ

أَفْـعَـلَ AfƐal

Hamzah

اِقْتَرَبَ

He came nearer

قَرُبَ

اِفْـتَـعَـلَ IftaƐal

Alif and Taa’

اِسْتَخْرَجَ

He extracted

خَرَجَ

اِسْـتَـفْـعَـلَ IstafƐal

Alif, Seen and Taa’

2-            The four letters root:

Arabic verb

English meaning

Stem

Pattern

Augmented letters

زَلْزَل

He Convulsed

زَلْـزَل

فَـعْـلَـلَ FaƐlal

 

وَسْوَسَ

He seduced

وَسْـوَسَ

فَـعْـلَـلَ FaƐlal

 

قَسَّمَ

He divided

قَـسَّـمَ

فَـعَّـلَ FaƐƐal

 

نَزَّلَ

He put down

نَـزَّلَ

فَـعَّـلَ FaƐƐal

 

بَعْثَرَ

He rummaged

بَـعْـثَـرَ

فَـعْـلَـلَ FaƐlal

 

دَحْرَجَ

He rolled

دَحْرَجَ

فَـعْـلَـلَ FaƐlal