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Verb tense | Type of verb | Particle | Sentence |
Future | Present | Lan | أخِي لَنْ يُسَافِرَ مَعَنا غَدًا My brother will not travel with us tomorrow |
Future | Present | La | فَهُوَ لا يُحِبُّ السَّفَرَ دَائِمًا As he does not like traveling on a permanent basis |
Past | Present | Lam | وهوَ لَمْ يُسَافِرْ إلى أي بَلَدٍ مِنْ قَبْلُ And he has not traveled to any country yet |
· We shall also study the particles used in making the past verb negative.
Verb tense | Type of verb | Particle | Sentence |
Past | Past | Mā | ما اِسْتَيْقَظَ أَبِي مُبَكِّرًا؛ لِأَنَّهُ ما نَامَ مُبَكِّرًا My father did not wake up early because he had not slept early. |
Past | Past | Mā | I did not do my homework yesterday |
· We shall also study another particle used in the negative: ‘laysa ليس’ (not to be) which is used to make the nominal sentence negative.
Particle | Sentence |
لَيْسَ البَحْرُ أكْبَرَ مِنَ المُحِيطِ The sea is not bigger than the ocean | |
ولَيْسَتِ البُحَيْرَةُ أَكْبَرَ مِنَ البَحْرِ And the lake is not bigger than the sea |