Lesson 15 - الدَّرْسُ الْخَامِسَ عَشَرَ

Continued

  • In this lesson, we will learn a new rule related to the /Muđâf/ and /Muđâf Ilaihi/ In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). We have learnt in Lesson No. 5 section 2 that the /Muđâf/ is definite even though it doesn't have /alif-lām/.  We also learnt that the adjective of a definite noun is always definite, so when we add an adjective to a /Muđâf/ it will be definite like it e.g.:

English

Arabic

The new house of the Imam

بَيْتُ الإِمَامِ الْجَدِيدُ

The boy's broken desk

مَكْتَبُ الْوَلَدِ الْمَكْسُورُ

The opened window of the room

نَافِذَةُ الْغُرْفَةِ الْمَفْتُوحَةُ

  • It is important to identify above the adjectives and the /Muđâf/ and /Muđâf Ilaihi/.
  • Similarly when the /Muđâf Ilaihi/ (possessor) is a possessive pronoun, the adjective of such a /Muđâf/ that it qualifies is definite e.g.:

English

Arabic

His new house

بَيْتُهُ الْجَدِيدُ

Its opened window

نَافِذَتُهَا الْمَفْتُوحَةُ

  • It must be remembered that the adjective of the /Muđâf/ (i.e. possessed noun) that it describes always takes the same case as that of /Muđâf/ i.e.,
  • If the /Muđâf/ is in nominative case, the adjective will also take the nominative case e.g.:

English

Arabic

The new book of the teacher

كِتَابُ الْمُدَرِّسِ الْجَدِيدُ

  • If the /Muđâf/ is in genitive case, the adjective will also take the genitive case e.g.:

English

Arabic

The book is on the teacher's new desk

الْكِتَابُ عَلَى مَكْتَبِ الْمُدَرِّسِ الْجَدِيدِ

  • If the /Muđâf/ is a feminine noun, the adjective should also be feminine, e.g.:

English

Arabic

The old bag of the boy

حَقِيبَةُ الْوَلَدِ الْقَدِيمَةُ

  • More examples:

Picture

English

Arabic

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

This is the old car of the director

هَذِهِ سَيَّارَةُ الْمُدِيرِ الْقَدِيمَةُ.

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

The broken pen of the girl

قَلَمُ الْبِنْتِ الْمَكْسُورُ.

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

The dirty shirt of the father

قَمِيصُ الأَبِ الْوَسِخُ.

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

The sparrow on the big apple tree

الْعُصْفُورُ عَلَى شَجَرَةِ التُّفَّاحِ الْكَبِيرَةِ.

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

The vast (spacious) garden of the house

حَدِيقَةُ الْبَيْتِ الْوَاسِعَةُ.

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

This story is from the old book of the Arabic language

هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ الْقَدِيمِ.