Lesson 50– الدَّرْسُ الْخَمْسُونَ

Verbal Nouns  - أَسْمَاءُ الأَفْعَال

Types of Verbal Nouns - أَنْواع اِسم الفعل

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  • We learnt in the previous parts of this lesson that the Arabic verbal noun is an indeclinable noun that does the function of the verb in the sentence, but the rules of the verb do not apply to it.
  • The verbal noun shares some similar features with the verb and the noun. Regarding its similarities with the noun, it is a noun and its form never changes with different verbs and objects. Regarding similarities with the verb, it indicates past, present and imperative, as it is divided into three types as follows:

Translation

Example

Verbal noun

Type

There is a great difference between poverty and richness.

شَتَّانَ الفَقْرُ وَالْغِنَى.

/shattāna al-faqru wal-ghinā/

شَتَّانَ = اِفْتَرَقَ

/shattāna/ = there is difference (between)

Noun of past verb

How impossible that you become a doctor.

هَيْهَات أَنْ تُصْبِحَ طَبِيبا.

/hayhāta an tuŝbiħa ŧabīban/

هَيْهَات = بَعُدَ

/hayhāta/ = How far, impossible

He studied Arabic in a short time.

سَرْعَان ما دَرَسَ العَرَبِيَّةَ، وسَرْعَانَ مَا فَهِمَهَا.

/sarξāna mā darasa al-arabiyyata wa sarξāna mā fahimahā/

 

سَرْعَانَ = أَسْرَعَ

/sarξāna/= in a short time

I suffer stomach pains and headache

آهِ مِنْ آلام البَطْنِ والرَّأْسِ.

/āhi min ālāmi al-baŧni war-ra’si/

آه = أَتَوَجَّعُ = أَتَأَلَّمُ

/āh/ = feel pain, suffer

Noun of present verb

Ugh! I became fed up with you, Layla, and what you say.

أُفٍّ لَكِ يا لَيْلَى، وَلِما تَقُولِين.

/uffin laki yā layla wa limā taqulīna/

أُفٍّ = أَغْضَب = أَتَضَجَّر

/uffin/= ugh, become fed up

I am surprised at the sky, its beauty and expansion!

وَي لِلسَّمَاءِ، وَجَمَالِها، واتِّسَاعِها!

/way lis-samā’i wa ĵamāliha wa ittisāξiha/

وَيْ = أَتَعَجَّبُ

/way/ =oh, surprised, astonished

I admire your mercy on kids and respect of old people.

بَخٍ رَحْمَتكَ لِلصِّغارِ، وَاحْتِرَامكَ لِلْكِبارِ.

/bakhin raħmatuka liŝ-ŝighāri wa iħtirâmika lil-kibāri/

بَخٍ = أَسْتَحْسِنُ

/bakhin/ = bravo, like, admire

Don’t ask your friend to hush, while you speak.

لا تَقُل لِصَدِيقِكَ صَهْ، وَتَتَكَلَّم أَنْتَ.

/la taqul li-ŝadīqika ŝah wa tatakallam anta/

صَه = اُسْكُتْ

/ŝah/ = hush, be quiet

Noun of imperative verb

Stop starting malicious rumors.

مَهْ عَنْ إِطْلاقِ الشَّائِعاتِ الخَبيثةِ.

/mah ξan iŧlāqi ash-shā’iξāti al-khabīthati/

مَه = كُفّ عَنْ الحَدِيث

/mah/ = Stop talking

Come to the prayers

حَيّ عَلى الصَّلاة.

/ħayy ξalā aŝ-ŝalāh/

حَيّ = أَقْبِل = تَعالَ

/ħayy/= come

O Allah, put mercy on me and allow me to enter Paradise, Amin

يا الله، اِرْحَمْنِي وَأدْخِلْنِي الجَنَّة، آمِين.

/ya Allâh irħamnī wa adkhilnī al-ĵannata āmīn/

آمِين = اِسْتَجِبْ

/āmīn/= amin

Here you are some information about Cairo city.

إلَيْكَ بَعْضُ المَعْلُوماتِ عَن مَدِينَةِ القَاهِرةِ.

/ilayka baξđa al-maξlūmāti ξan madīnati al-qâhira-ti/

 

إلَيْكَ = خُذْ

/ilayka/= here you are, take

Stay away from me, and do not talk to me again.

إِلَيْكَ عَنِّي، ولا تُكَلِّمْنِي مَرَّةً أُخْرَى.

/ilayka anni wa la tukallimni marratan ukhra/

إلَيْكَ عَنِّي = اِبْتَعِد عَنِّي

/ilayka ξanni/= stay away

O you who believe! Take care of your own selves. If you follow the right guidance, no hurt can come you from those who are in error

"يا أَيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُم أَنْفُسَكُم لا يَضُرُّكُم مَنْ ضّلَّ إذا اِهْتَدَيْتُم"

/ya ayyuhā al-ladhīna āmanū ξalaykum anfusakum la yađurrukum man đalla idhā ihtadaytum/

عَلَيْكَ = اِلْزَمْ

/ξalayka/ = adhere to, take care of

O students, come quickly to your schools to seek knowledge

أَيُّها الطُّلابُ هَلُمُّوا إلَى مَدَارِسِكُم لِطَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ.

/ayyuha aŧ-ŧullābu halummu ilā madārisikum li-ŧalabi al-ξilmi/

هَلُمَّ = أَقْبِلْ بِسُرْعَة

/halumma/= come quickly

Give sentences as in the example.

هَاتِ جُمَلًا كَمَا فِي المِثالِ.

/hāti ĵumalan kamā fī al-mithāli/

هَات = أَعْطِنِي

/hāti/= give (me)

Give up all what wastes your time.

دَعْ كُلَّ ما يُضَيِّعُ وَقْتَكَ.

/daξ kulla ma yuđayyiξu waqtaka/

دَعْ = اُتْرُكْ

/daξ/= give up