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| Explanation | Declension | Sentence | ||
| Case | Sign | English | Arabic | |
| The word /kitābun/ is a predicate, so it is in the nominative case signed with đammah on its end | Nominative | đammah | This is a book. | |
| The word /kitāban/ is a direct object, so it is in the accusative case signed with fatħah on its end | Accusative | Fatħah | I took a book. | |
| The word /al kitābi/ is Muđâf ilaihi, so it is in the genitive case signed with kasrah on its end | Genitive | Kasrah | The color of the book is beautiful. | |
- We will also learn the indeclinable words, i.e. the words which do not change according to their position in the sentence. The indeclinable words have constant endings whatever their position in the sentence is. Consider the ending of the demonstrative noun /dhālika/ ذَلِكَ in the following three sentences:
| Explanation | Indeclension | Sentence | ||
| Place of (case) | Sign | English | Arabic | |
| Although the word /dhālika/ is a subject in the nominative case, but it is signed with fatħah as a constant ending. | Nominative |
Fatħah (always indeclinable on the fatħah) | That’s right. | |
| The word /dhālika/ is a direct object in the accusative case; it is signed with fatħah as a constant ending. | Accusative | I know that. | ||
| Although the word /dhālika/ is a Maĵrur noun in the genitive case, but it is signed with fatħah as a fixed ending. | Genitive | I doubt about that. | ||
- We will also learn the types of indeclinable words (verbs, nouns, and articles) and the different signs of indeclensoin for each.
