Lesson 38 – الدَّرْسُ الثَّامِنُ وَالثَّلاثُونَ

Indeclension of the present Verb – بِنَاءُ الْفِعْلِ الْمُضَارِعِ

The present verb when indeclinable on Fatħah –بِناءُ الفِعْلِ الْمُضَارِعِ عَلَى الْفَتْحَةِ

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  • The second case (in which the Arabic present verb is indeclinable) occurs when it is attached (directly) to Noon of confirmation (نُونُ التَّوْكِيدِ). The Noon of confirmation is different from Noon of feminine plural (نُونُ النِّسْوَةِ) in two important aspects:
    1. The Noon of feminine plural is sign with Fatħa, while the Noon of confirmation is signed with Shaddah and Fatħah. Consider the following examples:

Verb with Noon of feminine plural

Verb with Noon of confirmation

English

Arabic

English

Arabic

They (fem.) think

هُنَّ يَحْسَبْنَ

Indeed, don’t think

لا تَحْسَبَنَّ

    1. The second difference between Noon of feminine plural and the Noon of confirmation is the meaning; the first is a pronoun referring to (they, feminine plural), while the second gives the sentence a meaning of certainty or confirmation. Consider the following examples:

Verb with Noon of feminine plural

Verb with Noon of confirmation

The female students don’t think that the teacher is absent

الطَّالِباتُ لا يَحْسَبْنَ الْمُدَرِّسَ غَائِبًا

Indeed, don’t think that Allaah is unaware of what the wrong-doers do.

لا تَحْسَبَنَّ الله غَافِلا عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّالِمُون

  • When the present verb is attached (directly) to the Noon of confirmation it should be indeclinable on Fatħa. Consider the following examples:

Arabic

English

لَيَكْتُبَنَّ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ

Indeed, the student must write the lesson

لَيَسْتَيْقِظَنَّ الطَّالِبُ مُبَكِّراً

Indeed, the student must get up early

لَيَسْمَعَنَّ الولَدُ نَصِيحَةَ أَبِيهِ

Indeed, the child must listen to his father’s advice

لَيَتَّبِعَنَّ النَّاسُ الحَقَّ

Indeed, people must follow the right

لَيُطِيعَنَّ الطَّالِبُ أُسْتَاذَهُ أو لَيفْشَلَنَّ فِي دِراسَتِهِ

Indeed, the student must obey his professor, otherwise he will fail in his study

  • The following table summarizes the verbs used in the sentences above:

لَيفْشَلَنَّ

لَيُطِيعَنَّ

لَيَتَّبِعَنَّ

لَيَكْتُبَنَّ

Verb

Indeed, he will fail

Indeed, he should obey

Indeed, he should follow

Indeed, he should write

Meaning

  • We notice that each verb in the above mentioned table consists of three parts as follows:

Components

Verb

The Noon of confirmation

نونُ التَّوْكِيدِ

The present form

Laam of confirmation

لامُ التَّوْكِيدِ

نَّ

يَكْتُبَ

لَ

لَيَكْتُبَنَّ

نَّ

يَتَّبِعَ

لَ

لَيَتَّبِعَنَّ

نَّ

يُطِيعَ

لَ

لَيُطِيعَنَّ

نَّ

يَفْشَلَ

لَ

لَيفْشَلَنَّ

Arabic

English

لَنْ أَلْعَبَنَّ مَعَكَ بَعْدَ اليَوْم

Indeed, I will not play with you (anymore) after today

لَنْ أذْهَبَنَّ إلَى السُّوقِ اليَوْم

Indeed, I will not go to the market today

يا مَحُمَّدُ لا تَخْرُجَنَّ اليَوْمَ مِنَ البَيْتِ

O, Muhammad, indeed, don’t get out of your home today