Lesson 4 – الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ

Introduction - مُقَدِّمَةٌ

  • This is the fourth lesson in our free Arabic language course. This Arabic course with images, videos and audios will help you learn Arabic.
  • In this lesson we will learn the following things:
    • The rules for using prepositions (the words used to connect two or more words or sentences) and the four most common prepositions (Click on the Arabic words to hear the correct pronunciation of that word).

English

Arabic

English

Arabic

In

فِي

On

عَلَىٰ

From

مِنْ

To

إِلَىٰ

    • The rule for the use of interrogative expressions - i.e. the sentences used to ask the questions, and some of the interrogative (questioning) words like:

English

Arabic

English

Arabic

Where

أَيْنَ

Is

أَ

What

مَاذَا

Who

مَنْ

    • Some of the Personal pronouns - e.g.:

English

Person

Gender

Arabic

I

1st
(person speaking)

Masculine/Feminine

أَنَا

You

2nd
(person being spoken to)

Masculine

أَنْتَ

You

2nd
(person being spoken to)

Feminine

أَنْتِ

He

3rd
(person being spoken about - i.e. not present)

Masculine

هُوَ

She

3rd 
(person being spoken about - i.e. not present)

Feminine

هِيَ

    • The difference between the masculine and the feminine words and their punctuation and the three ways of changing a masculine noun to the feminine.

English

Arabic Symbol

Arabic

By adding /ta’ marbūta/

ة

خَالِدَةُ

By adding /alif maqŝūra/

ىٰ

يُسْرَىٰ

By adding /alif mamdūda/

اء

أَسْمَاءُ

    • The difference between the nominal sentences (starting –originally- with a noun) and the verbal sentences (starting –originally- with a verb):

Grammatical term

The Nominal Sentence

/Al ĵumla tul Ismiyya/

الْجُمْلَةُ الاسْمِيَّةُ

The Verbal Sentence

/Al ĵumla tul Fiξliyya/

الْجُمْلَةُ الْفِعْلِيَّةُ

Arabic

أَحْمَدُ ذَهَبَ إِلَىٰ الْجَامِعَةِ.

ذَهَبَ أَحْمَدُ إِلَىٰ الْجَامِعَةِ.

Transliteration

/Ahmadu dhahaba ilal ĵāmiξati/

/Dhahaba Ahmadu ilal ĵāmiξati/

Literary Reading

Ahmad went to the university

Went Ahmad to the university

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