- The third case of the Five Verbs declension is the Ĵazm جَزْم case. In this lesson we learnt that there are two Ĵazm particles: Negative lam "لَمْ" النَّافِيَة and Prohibitive lā "لا" النَّاهِيَة. We also learnt that the Ĵazm mark in the sound verbs is the Sukūn (ـْـ). But the Ĵazm mark in the Five Verbs is the omission of the Nūn. Consider the following examples:
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Allah says: "Kill not your children for fear of want: We shall provide sustenance for them as well as for you" |
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Allah says: "Nor come nigh to adultery: for it is a shameful (deed) and an evil, opening the road (to other evils)" |
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "وَلا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلا" |
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May people have not understood the truth of Islam so far |
كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ لَمْ يَفْهَمُوا حَقِيقَةَ الإِسْلامِ حَتَّى الآن. |
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Why have you not performed al-Maghrib Prayer so far |
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The boys have not gone to the sports club today |
- Notice the following verbs that are stated in the above examples:
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Verb |
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yadhhab-ū |
tusall-ū |
yafham-ū |
taqrab-ū |
taqtul-ū |
Transliteration |
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go |
pray |
understand |
come nigh |
kill |
Meaning |
- In the above verbs, the Nūn is omitted because they are from the Five Verbs whose Naŝb and Ĵazm marks are the omission of the Nūn.
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Ordinary verbs in the Ĵazm case |
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yadhhab |
yafham |
taqrab |
taqtul |
Meaning |
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Five Verbs in the Ĵazm case |
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yadhhab-ū |
yafham-ū |
taqrab-ū |
taqtul-ū |
Transliteration |