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In
this lesson we will learn about the Demonstrative Pronouns
(اسْماء الإشَارة) and
Relative Pronouns
(الاسْماء الْموصولة) in
detail. In previous lessons we have learnt the basics of the Demonstrative Pronouns
(see Lesson_001,
Lesson_002,
Lesson_006,
Lesson_007,
Lesson_013A, &
Lesson_017) and Relative
Pronouns in
(Lesson_009, &
Lesson_012).
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"A Demonstrative Pronoun is a pronoun that
represents the near or the distant object.
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We know that in English "This" is used to point
to the near singular object and "That"
is used for
the distant object and "These" is used to point towards the near Plural Objects
and "Those" is used for
the Distant Objects. However no different pronouns are
used for the Dual and there is no difference of gender i.e., the same pronouns
are used for the masculine as well the feminine.
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In Arabic however, different Demonstrative Pronouns are used for singular,
dual and plural objects. Similarly different Pronouns are used for the
masculine as well as the feminine.
|
English |
Transliteration |
Gender/Number |
Arabic |
Demonstrative
Pronouns |
|
This |
Hadha |
Masculine/Singular |
هَذَا |
اسْمَاءُ
الإشارة
(لِلْقَرِيْبِ) |
| Hadhihi |
Feminine/Singular |
هَذِهِ |
|
These two |
Hadhani |
Masculine/Dual |
هَذَانِ |
| Hatani |
Feminine/Dual |
هَاتَانِ |
| These all |
Hau'laei |
Masculine &
Feminine/ Plural |
هَؤُلاَءِ |
|
That |
Dhalika |
Masculine/Singular |
ذَلِكَ |
اسْمَاءُ
الإشارة
(لِلْبَعِيْدِ) |
| Tilka |
Feminine/Singular |
تِلْكَ |
|
Those two |
Dhanika |
Masculine/Dual |
ذَانِكَ |
| Tanika |
Feminine/Dual |
تَانِكَ |
| Those all |
U'ulaeeka |
Masculine &
Feminine/ Plural |
أُؤلَئِكَ |
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"A Relative Pronoun is a pronoun which refers or relates to some noun
preceding it".
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The Arabic Relative Pronouns have different forms
for singular, dual and plural as well as for masculine and the feminine.
       
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